Openshift

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What does it mean?

annotation            comment,definition, attach metadata to objects.
ceph                  Delivers object, block, and file storage in one unified system.
ceph-osd              object storage daemon for the Ceph distributed file system. It is responsible for storing objects on a local file system and providing access to them over the network.
clbo                  CrashLoopBackOff
cr                    Custom Resource. (I found it like something added by enabling something. You get it from "oc api-resources")
crd                   custom resource definitions
cncf                  Cloud Native Computing Foundation
cni                   Container Network Interface (OVNKubernetes OpenShiftSDN)				      <
crd                   CustomResourceDefinition. The name of a CRD object must be a valid DNS subdomain name.
cri                   Container Runtime Interface
cri-o                 Lightweight container runtime for kubernetes.
csi                   Container Storage Interface
csv                   cluster service version
cvss                  Common Vulnerability Scoring System
cvo                   Cluster Version Operator
deployment            You describe a desired state in a Deployment
Ephemeral             Short lived 
fsgroup               Group which Kubernetes will change the permissions of all files in volumes to when volumes are mounted by a pod. 
grcp                  Google Remote Procedure Call, framework that brings performance benefits and modern features to client-server applications. Like RPC
idp                   identity provider
ipc namespace         Each IPC namespace has its own set of System V IPC identifiers and its own POSIX message queue filesystem. .
ipi                   Installer-Provisioned Infrastructure
kvdb                  key-value store (portworx)
kubelet               Kubelet is the primary "node agent" that runs on each node. Takes a set of PodSpecs (primarily through the apiserver) and ensures the containers described are running and healthy.
mco                   machine-config-operator
noobaa                data service for cloud environments, providing S3 object-store interface with flexible tiering, mirroring, and spread placement policies, over any storage resource that allows GET/PUT including S3,GCS..
nsfs                  virtual filesystem making Linux-kernel namespaces available.
oadp                  openshift api data protection
oci                   Open Container Initiative
ocp                   OpenShift Container Platform
ocs                   OpenShift Container Storage
ocm                   OpenShift Cluster Manager
odf                   OpenShift Data Foundation
olm                   Operator Lifecycle Manager
osm                   Open Service Mesh. Lightweight, extensible, cloud native service mesh
pvc                   Persistent volume claim.
pv                    Persistent volume. Persistent storage.
quay.io               builds, analyzes, distributes your container images. Owned by IBM
ReadWriteMany         Storage read/write for many.
rhcos                 Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS
rhcp                  Red Hat Ceph Storage
reconciling           Restore friendly relations between.
replicaset            Maintain a stable set of replica Pods running at any given time
rook                  Operator. File, block, and object storage for your cloud native environment and is based on battle tested ceph storage.
rosa                  Red Hat OpenShift Service on AWS
sa                    Service Account
seccomp               Secure computing mode profiles can be associated with a container to restrict available system calls.
SelfLink              URL representing the given object.
service               Logical abstraction for a deployed group of pods in a cluster (which all perform the same function).
sc                    security context
scc                   security context constraints
skopeo                Command line utility used to interact with local and remote container images and container image registries
StatefulSet           Workload object to manage stateful applications. Deployment and scaling Pods, ordering and uniqueness of Pods.
taint                 Taints ensure that pods are scheduled onto appropriate nodes. You can apply one or more taints on a node.
tekton                Container-native way to manage CI/CD. It's also the basis for OpenShift Pipelines.
thanos                Long-Term storage for your Prometheus Metrics on OpenShift
toleration            You can apply tolerations to pods. Tolerations allow the scheduler to schedule pods with matching taints.
upi                   User-Provisioned Infrastructure
uts                   Unix Timesharing System namespace. Controls the hostname and the NIS domain.
uWSGI                 Project aims at developing a full stack for building hosting services.
wwn                   world wide names. Fiber channel

where do I start

. <(oc completion bash)  Get bash completion running.
oc help                  Get commands
oc api-resources         What can you use commands on.
oc options               Which options apply to all commands

read

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/kubernetes-objects/

files of value

metadata.json         File created during install. Used by openshift-install destroy cluster

oc get

Available resources to ask about. 

oc api-resources

login

oc login --username developerhttps://openshift:6443

switch user

oc login --username developer

which clusters have you logged into

oc config get-clusters

List projects

oc projects
oc get projects

select project

oc project $project

create project/namespace

oc create namespace redis

list pods

oc get pods
oc get pods --all-namespaces
oc get pods -o wide

wide will give you on which node pod is running. 

oc get pods -o wide --all-namespaces

Get pods that are not runing. 

oc get pods --field-selector status.phase!=Running --all-namespaces

Get pods matching two states 

oc get pods --field-selector=status.phase!=Running,spec.restartPolicy=Always

Get pods running on specific node 

oc get pods -A -o wide --field-selector spec.nodeName=<node>

Get pods with label name=portworx-proxy 

oc get pods -A -l name=portworx-proxy

get services

oc get svc

get shell on node

It is possible to debug more then nodes. (deployment, build, or job) 

oc debug node/infra-2.ocpdev.lkl.ltkalmar.se

Get working env 

chroot /host

get debug information from oc

oc debug --loglevel=10 node/$node

get nodes

oc get nodes
oc get nodes -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}'
  1. Get nodes without headears. name, cpu:s, disk size, mem, ip address.
oc get nodes --no-headers --selector="node-role.kubernetes.io/worker" -o=custom-columns='NAME:.metadata.name,CPU:.status.capacity.cpu,DISK:.status.capacity.ephemeral-storage,MEM:.status.capacity.memory,IP:.status.addresses[?(@.type=="InternalIP")].address'

get nodes that are overcommited

oc get nodes -o jsonpath='{range .items[*]}{@.metadata.name}:{range @.status.conditions[*]}{@.type}={@.status};{end}{end}' | sed 's/:/=node;/g' | sed 's/;/\n/g' | grep -vE 'MemoryPressure=False|DiskPressure=False|PIDPressure=False|Ready=True'

connect to pod

oc rsh $pod bash

list containers in pod

oc get pod/router-default-6b76b87c6-5m7h6 -n openshift-ingress -o json | jq -r '.spec.containers[].name'
router
logs

connect to container in pod

oc rsh -c router pod/router-default-6b76b87c6-5m7h6

get logs from all containers

Get logs all pods containers. 

for POD in $(oc get pods -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}') ; do for CONTAINER in $(oc get pod/$POD -o json | jq -r '.spec.containers[].name') ; do echo '***' pod $POD, container $CONTAINER ;

Get logs all pods containers in all namespaces. 

oc get namespaces --no-headers | awk '{print $1}' | while read NAMESPACE ; do oc project $NAMESPACE >/dev/null ; for POD in $(oc get pods -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}') ; do for CONTAINER in $(oc get pod/$POD -o json | jq -r '.spec.containers[].name') ; do echo '***' namespace $NAMESPACE pod $POD, container $CONTAINER ; oc logs $POD $CONTAINER | grep vsphere.int.redbridge.se | tail -10 ; done; done ; done | tee /temp/vsphere.int.redbridge.se

search logs for all pods for string save to file

SEARCH="cosprod-m22s6-worker-m52c8" ; oc get namespaces --no-headers | awk '{print $1}' | while read NAMESPACE ; do oc project $NAMESPACE >/dev/null ; for POD in $(oc get pods -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}') ; do for CONTAINER in $(oc get pod/$POD -o json | jq -r '.spec.containers[].name') ; do echo '***' namespace $NAMESPACE pod $POD, container $CONTAINER ; oc logs $POD $CONTAINER | grep "${SEARCH}" | tail -10 ; done; done ; done | tee /tmp/search_all_containers_"${SEARCH}".$(date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S').log

tail logs for pods matching label

oc logs -n openshift-storage -l app=csi-cephfsplugin -c driver-registrar -f  --max-log-requests 8 --tail=1

execute command in pod

oc exec pod/router-default-545ffb97db-4h9rx -- $command

where am i

POD_NAME=rook-ceph-operator-6c86f788d5-f8mqf
POD_NAMESPACE=openshift-storage

describe pods

oc describe pods
oc describe pod stage-sales-62-qjd

To get (almost) all object with a specific label from the current project, execute:

oc get all -l '<label_name>=<label_value>'
oc get pods -n openshift-storage -o name -l app=rook-ceph-operator

logs

oc logs -f router-default-6b76b87c6-4lc4b logs > /tmp/tmp
oc logs -f --tail=0 router-default-6c666984fd-ct8zf logs
oc logs -f --namespace openshift-gitops deployment/openshift-gitops-server

get config from pod in yaml format

oc get pods router-default-545ffb97db-kgsdb -o yaml

get deployments

oc get deployments --all-namespaces

set environment variable in pod

oc set env dc/your-app-name COLOR=blue

unset environment variable in pod

oc set env dc/your-app-name COLOR-

list environment variables

oc set env pod/router-default-545ffb97db-lj2t5 --list

list templates

oc get templates -n openshift

Custom resource definitions.(crd)

oc get crd

sort

CREATED AT 

oc get crd --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp

edit

oc edit deployment.apps/router-default

Watch changes taking place. 

watch -n1 oc get all

grant permission to project

oc adm policy add-role-to-user view developer -n mysecrets

crictl

List running containers

crictl ps

List all pods

crictl pods

List all images

crictl images

Execute a command in a running container

crictl exec -it 1f73f2d81bf98 /bin/sh

nsenter

run program in different namespaces

which version

oc version

Get clusterversion 

oc get clusterversion

copy files from pod

Copy session keys locally. 

oc rsync caas-2-8s6cl:/tmp/sslkeylog .

tcpdump from nodes

ssh $node
toolbox

oc get route -A

get routing.

oc describe route sales -n hlt-prod

Name:                   sales
Namespace:              hlt-prod
Created:                13 months ago
Labels:                 <none>
Annotations:            haproxy.router.openshift.io/balance=roundrobin
                        haproxy.router.openshift.io/disable_cookies=true
Requested Host:         sales.prod.bobcat.hlt.se
                           exposed on router default (host apps.ocpprod.lkl.ltkalmar.se) 13 months ago
Path:                   <none>
TLS Termination:        edge
Insecure Policy:        <none>
Endpoint Port:          port-8000-tcp

Service:        sales
Weight:         100 (100%)
Endpoints:      10.160.7.166:8000, 10.160.7.167:8000, 10.160.7.168:8000 + 35 more...

=oc get pods (selecting specific pods Only name without headers 

oc get pods -o custom-columns=POD:.metadata.name --no-headers -A

Describe Failing pods. 

oc get pods -A --field-selector=status.phase=Failed --no-headers | while read NAME_SPACE POD REST_OF_LINE ; do echo '*' $POD ${NAME_SPACE} ; oc describe pod $POD -n "${NAME_SPACE}" ; done | less -ISRM

get label:s

oc get pods --no-headers --all-namespaces|grep -i running | head -2 | while read  namespace pod blabla ; do echo '***' oc label pod/$pod --list=true -n $namespace ; oc label pod/$pod --list=true -n $namespace ; done

get subscriptions

oc get subscriptions -A

whoami

oc whoami
oc config current-context
oc whoami --show-console=true --show-context=true

Which is the console url? 

oc whoami --show-console

Which is the api url? 

oc whoami --show-server

get instance url

oc get routes -n openshift-console console

get list of user

kubectl config view -o jsonpath='{.users[*].name}'

list contexts

oc config get-contexts

use-context

oc config use-context openshift-marketplace/api-abjorklund-01-rbcloud-net:6443/kube:admin

oc explain pv

oc explain pv

oc get configmap cluster-monitoring-config

put node offline

Mark a node as unschedulable. 

oc adm cordon node1

Drain a node in preparation for maintenance. 

oc adm drain <node> --force --delete-emptydir-data --ignore-daemonsets
oc adm drain <node> --ignore-daemonsets --force --grace-period=30 --delete-local-data

Mark node as online. 

oc adm uncordon node1

Get pv:s

oc get pv

Sorted by size. 

oc  get pv --sort-by=.spec.capacity.storage -A

Get more info about a pv. 

oc describe pv $PV

get pvc:s

oc get pvc --all-namespaces | less

sort by 

oc get pvc --sort-by=.spec.resources.requests.storage -A

which pods are using pvc

kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o=json | jq -c '.items[] | {name: .metadata.name, namespace: .metadata.namespace, claimName:.spec.volumes[] | select( has ("persistentVolumeClaim") ).persistentVolumeClaim.claimName }'

kubectl

List contexts 

kubectl config get-contexts

Select context 

kubectl config use-context default/api-blabla-halfface-se:6443/kube:admin

list groups

oc get groups -o wide

scale

oc scale --replicas=2 rc/postgresql-1

top(disable wikipedia top

oc adm top pods --use-protocol-buffers --all-namespaces
oc adm top nodes --sort-by=cpu or memory

get memory usage of all running pods in MB

oc get pods -o custom-columns=POD:.metadata.name --no-headers --field-selector status.phase=Running| while read POD ; do echo $POD $(( $(oc exec -it $POD -- cat /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.usage_in_bytes </dev/null 2>/dev/null) / 1024 / 1024 )) MB ; done
oc get pods -A -o wide --no-headers --field-selector spec.nodeName=ocp-04-9lxgz-worker-wlw9p  --field-selector status.phase=Running | while read NAMESPACE POD NULL ; do oc project $NAMESPACE >/dev/null 2>&1 ; oc adm top pod $POD --containers --no-headers ; done | sort -k 4 -n| less

Get memory usage per pod on specific node. 

NODE=ocp-01-4dfqx-worker-4n6mk ; oc get pods -A -o wide --no-headers --field-selector "spec.nodeName=${NODE},status.phase=Running" | while read NAMESPACE POD NULL ; do oc project $NAMESPACE >/dev/null 2>&1 ; oc adm top pod $POD --containers --no-headers ; done | sed 's/  */\t/g' | sort -k 4 -n | column -t -s $'\t'

oc get crd

Get Custom Resource Definitions. 

oc get crd

operators

Automatically setup of a instances.

list installed operators

oc get ClusterServiceVersions -A
oc get csv -A

list available operators

oc get packagemanifests

oc adm upgrade --to-image=

Upgrade to version that you found on github okd

oc adm upgrade

Upgrade okd images.

Launch a new instance of a pod for gathering debug information. Compress and deliver in support case

oc adm must-gather
tar cvaf /tmp/must-gather.tar.gz must-gather.local.*

Must gather for odf. 

oc adm must-gather --image=registry.redhat.io/odf4/ocs-must-gather-rhel8:4.10

oc adm certificate approve <csr_name>

Approve csr certificate

oc adm release info

# Show information about the cluster's current release
oc adm release info
# Show the source code that comprises a release
oc adm release info 4.2.2 --commit-urls
# Show the source code difference between two releases
oc adm release info 4.2.0 4.2.2 --commits
# Show where the images referenced by the release are located
oc adm release info quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release:4.2.2 --pullspecs
# Show release info about a release
oc adm release info 4.10.47 --pullspecs

oc adm node-logs --role master -u crio

Look at logs from crio

Get logs from one node from unit crio 

oc adm node-logs abjorklund-01-5tsbc-worker-0-kcr54 -u crio

openshift upgrade path

https://access.redhat.com/labs/ocpupgradegraph/update_path?channel=stable-4.9&arch=x86_64&is_show_hot_fix=false&current_ocp_version=4.9.15&target_ocp_version=4.10.11

upgrade openshift

oc patch clusterversion version --type merge -p '{"spec": {"channel": "stable-4.10"}}'
oc adm upgrade --to=4.10.47
oc get clusterversion -o json|jq ".items[0].spec"
# View openshift version history.
oc get clusterversion -o json|jq ".items[0].status.history"
# View progress of update.
watch -n1 oc config current-context \; oc adm upgrade

upgrade odf

# Save existing config. 
oc get subscriptions -n openshift-storage odf-operator -o yaml
# Patch subscription
oc patch subscriptions -n openshift-storage odf-operator --type merge -p '{"spec": {"channel": "stable-4.10"}}'
 # Get intall plans
oc get installplan -n  openshift-storage -o wide
# Approve install plan.
oc patch installplan install-4gf99 -n openshift-storage --type merge --patch '{"spec":{"approved":true}}'

odf troubleshooting

# ceph problem.  Run commands from rook-ceph-operator
oc rsh -n openshift-storage $(oc get pods -n openshift-storage -o name -l app=rook-ceph-operator)
export CEPH_ARGS='-c /var/lib/rook/openshift-storage/openshift-storage.config'
ceph -s
ceph osd pool ls
ceph osd pool autoscale-status
ceph config dump
# disable autoscaling
ceph osd pool ls | while read i ; do echo '*' $i ; ceph osd pool set $i pg_autoscale_mode off ; done
# Look to see how much data is being used for pg:s.
# Number of PGLog Entries, size of PGLog data in megabytes, and Average size of each PGLog item
for i in 0 1 2 ; do echo '*' $i ; osdid=$i ; ceph tell osd.$osdid dump_mempools | jq -r '.mempool.by_pool.osd_pglog | [ .items, .bytes /1024/1024, .bytes / .items ] | @csv' ;done
ceph df

helm

List all helm charts in all namespaces 

helm list -aA

cronjobs

oc get cj
oc get cronjobs -o wide -A

Run cronjob manually 

oc create job -n ldap-sync --from=cronjob/ldap-sync ldap-sync-manual-001

delete po (stop, kill)

stop pod 

oc delete po --all --force
oc delete pod openshift-gitops-server --namespace openshift-gitops
oc delete pods -n openshift-oauth-apiserver --all
oc get po -A | grep -v ^NAME | awk '$4 !~ /Running/' | sort -k4 | while read NAMESPACE POD READY STATUS END ; do echo '****' $POD $STATUS ; echo oc delete po $POD -n $NAMESPACE --force --grace-period=0 ; done
oc get pods -A --field-selector=status.phase!=Running --no-headers | while read NAME_SPACE POD REST_OF_LINE ; do echo oc delete pod $POD -n "${NAME_SPACE}" --force --grace-period=0 ; done
(oc get pods --field-selector="status.phase=Pending" --no-headers -A ; oc get pods --field-selector="status.phase=Failed" --no-headers -A) | while read NAME_SPACE POD REST_OF_LINE ; do echo oc delete pod $POD -n "${NAME_SPACE}" --force --grace-period=0 ; done
# Delete pods and generate report on what has been removed.
LOG=/temp/oc_delete_pod_$(oc config current-context | awk -F '/|:' '{print $2}').$(date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S').log ; (oc get pods --field-selector="status.phase=Pending" --no-headers -A ; oc get pods --field-selector="status.phase=Failed" --no-headers -A) | while read NAME_SPACE POD REST_OF_LINE ; do oc delete pod $POD -n "${NAME_SPACE}" --force --grace-period=0 ; done | tee $LOG ; awk -F\" '{print $2}' $LOG | sed 's/-[a-z0-9]*$//g'| sed 's/-[a-z0-9]*$//g' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n | tail -20

use other namespace

oc rsh  --namespace namespace-name pod-name
oc rsh --namespace namespace-name-operator pod-name bash -c 'echo $PATH $HOSTNAME'

list namespaces

oc get namespace

use namespace

oc rsh  --namespace openshift-gitops openshift-gitops-application-controller-0

kubectl get netnamespace

Command line utility used to configure network. Egress address can be used to define outgoing address. Which can also cause other issues. 

oc get netnamespace openshift-gitops -oyaml

oc get routes

oc get routes --namespace openshift-gitops

oc get oauth

Describe authentication methods. 

oc get oauth cluster -o yaml

decode token. base64

https://jwt.io/

view secrets

oc get secret ca-key-pair -o go-template='Template:Range $k,$v := .dataTemplate:"Template:$kTemplate:"\n"Template:$vTemplate:"\n\n"Template:End'

delete cluster

openshift-install destroy cluster

storageclasses(sc)

oc get storageclasses

get service accounts

oc get serviceaccounts -A
oc get sa -A

which permissions do I have

oc auth can-i --as=fjuza --list
oc get groups -o wide

alerts

View Alertmanager configured alerts. 

oc get prometheusrules -A -o yaml | grep alert: | sort | less

view alerts firing 

oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/alerts" | jq . | less -ISRM

View historical alerts. 

oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query_range?query=ALERTS&start=2022-08-08T00:00:00.781Z&end=2022-08-09T00:00:00.781Z&step=1m"
oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query_range?query=ALERTS&start=$(date '+%Y-%m-%d' --date '-2 days')T00:00:00.781Z&end=$(date '+%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S').781Z&step=1m" | jq . | less -ISRM

prometheus

Url to web interface. 

https://prometheus-k8s-openshift-monitoring.apps.<url>
echo https://prometheus-k8s-openshift-monitoring.app.$(oc whoami --show-console | awk -F 'console-openshift-console.' '{print $2}')

Get disk usage from odf 

oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query?query=odf_system_raw_capacity_used_bytes" | jq -r .

Get disk usage from odf over time. 

oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query_range?query=odf_system_raw_capacity_used_bytes&start=$(date '+%Y-%m-%d' --date '-20 days')T00:00:00.781Z&end=$(date '+%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S').781Z&step=1h" | jq . | less -ISRM

Search tips 

https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/basics/

Talk to api with Bearer.

HOST=$(oc -n openshift-monitoring get route alertmanager-main -ojsonpath={.spec.host})
TOKEN=$(oc whoami -t)
curl -skH "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" "https://$HOST/api/v2/alerts" | jq .

bash completion

. <(oc completion bash)

machineconfig

view settings 

oc describe machineconfigpool

set ntp servers

echo 'variant: openshift
version: 4.9.0
metadata:
  name: 99-master-chrony 
  labels:
    machineconfiguration.openshift.io/role: master 
storage:
  files:
  - path: /etc/chrony.conf
    mode: 0644 
    overwrite: true
    contents:
      inline: |
        server ntp.lio.se iburst
        driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
        makestep 1.0 3
        rtcsync
        logdir /var/log/chrony' | butane | oc apply -f -

get users

oc get users

work with oc without login

export KUBECONFIG=auth/kubeconfig

Add the following if cert is not trusted

- cluster:
    insecure-skip-tls-verify: true
    server: https://127.0.0.1:443
  name: my-cluster

run oc when on node

oc get pod -n openshift-monitoring --kubeconfig=/var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig

etcdctl

oc rsh -c etcdctl -n openshift-etcd $(oc get pod -l app=etcd -oname -n openshift-etcd | awk -F"/" 'NR==1{ print $2 }')
[root@ocp-03-lm8km-master-1 /]# etcdctl --write-out=table endpoint status
+---------------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
|         ENDPOINT          |        ID        | VERSION | DB SIZE | IS LEADER | IS LEARNER | RAFT TERM | RAFT INDEX | RAFT APPLIED INDEX | ERRORS |
+---------------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
| htt://172.19.14.36:2379   | c4f7b42b92713818 |   3.5.0 |  105 MB |     false |      false |         6 |    2632074 |            2632074 |        |
| htt://172.19.14.37:2379   | 5dea668b432969fc |   3.5.0 |  105 MB |     false |      false |         6 |    2632074 |            2632074 |        |
| htt://172.19.14.41:2379   | 51cecd971b657ee5 |   3.5.0 |  105 MB |      true |      false |         6 |    2632074 |            2632074 |        |
+---------------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+

create troubleshooting pod

oc run abjorklund-redhat-ubi8 --image=redhat/ubi8 -i --tty -- sh
oc run abjorklund-curlimage-curl --image=curlimages/curl -i --tty -- sh
oc run -it busybox --image=busybox --restart=Never -- ash

proxy settings

oc get proxy cluster -o yaml

Change ca 

oc patch proxy/cluster --type=merge --patch='{"spec":{"trustedCA":{"name":"custom-ca"}}}'

oc proxy

Run a proxy to the Kubernetes API server

Install additional ca certificate

apiVersion: machineconfiguration.openshift.io/v1
kind: MachineConfig
metadata:
  labels:
    machineconfiguration.openshift.io/role: worker
  name: 50-redbridge-ca-cert
spec:
  config:
    ignition:
      version: 3.1.0
    storage:
      files:
      - contents:
          source: data:text/plain;charset=utf-8;base64,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
        mode: 0644
        overwrite: true
        path: /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/redbridge-ca.crt

get raw api data

oc get --raw "/api/v1/nodes/[node]/proxy/stats/summary"

Via proxy. 

oc proxy &
Starting to serve on 127.0.0.1:8001
curl -s http://localhost:8001/api/v1/nodes/crc-lgph7-master-0/proxy/stats/summary
curl -s http://localhost:8001/api/v1/nodes/crc-lgph7-master-0/proxy/metrics/resource

explain

Get documentation for a resource 

oc explain deployment

events

Get events. 

oc get events -A --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp

jsonpath

Get names of MachineConfigs one value per line. 

oc get mc -o jsonpath='{range .items[*]}{.metadata.name}{"\n"}{end}' --no-headers

endpoints

look to see that pods are defined in 

oc get endpoints -n default

ImageStreamTag

ImageStreamTag represents an Image that is retrieved by tag name from an ImageStream.

BuildConfig

Build configurations define a build process for new container images.

download okd openshift-install

# Show latest latest
curl -skL https://github.com/okd-project/okd/releases | elinks --dump | grep Latest
oc adm release extract --tools quay.io/openshift/okd:4.9.0-0.okd-2022-02-12-140851

setup openshift cluster

Download binary 

cd /tmp/ ; curl -L -O https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/x86_64/clients/ocp/4.10.47/openshift-install-linux.tar.gz && sudo tar xf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz -C /usr/local/bin/

Add vmware certs if using that backend. 

(cd /tmp/ ; curl -sk https://${vspherer_server}/certs/download.zip -O) ; cd /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors ; sudo unzip -oj /tmp/download.zip certs/lin/\* ; sudo update-ca-trust

Create config file 

install-config.yaml

Then fire off install 

openshift-install create cluster

Another example 

ln -s install-config.yaml.2023-03-23 install-config.yaml
./openshift-install-4.12.0-0.okd-2023-04-16-041331 create cluster

argocd

curl -sSL -o argocd-linux-amd64 https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/releases/latest/download/argocd-linux-amd64
sudo install -m 555 argocd-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/argocd
rm argocd-linux-amd64

metrics

Get available values

curl -sk -H "Authorization: Bearer $(oc whoami -t)" https://$(oc get routes -n openshift-monitoring thanos-querier -o jsonpath='{.status.ingress[0].host}')/api/v1/metadata | jq .

Cpu usage per node.

100 - (avg by (instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode="idle"}[30m])) * 100)

usage for pvc

kubelet_volume_stats_used_bytes
kubelet_volume_stats_available_bytes
kubelet_volume_stats_used_bytes{persistentvolumeclaim="prometheus-prometheus-k8s-1"}

oc kubectl

Download openshift client. 

wget https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/x86_64/clients/ocp/latest/openshift-client-linux.tar.gz; tar -xzvf openshift-client-linux.tar.gz; chmod +x oc; sudo rm /usr/local/bin/oc 2>/dev/null ; sudo mv oc /usr/local/bin

time and timezone in first pod

oc get pods --no-headers -o 'custom-columns=:.metadata.namespace,:.metadata.name' | head -1 | while read NAMESPACE POD ; do oc rsh -n $NAMESPACE $POD  bash -c 'date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z"' 2>/dev/null ; done

oc get installplan

InstallPlan defines the installation of a set of operators. 

oc get installplan install-bk8hw -n openshift-operators -o yaml

oc extract

Extract secrets or config maps to disk 

# Extract only the key "nginx.conf" from config map "nginx" to the /tmp directory
oc extract configmap/nginx --to=/tmp --keys=nginx.conf

dependencies,owner

Search in output from 

oc describe ...

Search for this. 

Controlled By:  ReplicaSet/rook-ceph-osd-0-6dcdc7fb48

metadata.ownerReferences

Define object that owns object

nodeAffinity

Pin pod to node with label (kubectl label nodes <your-node-name> disktype=ssd) 

spec:
  affinity:
    nodeAffinity:
      requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
        nodeSelectorTerms:
        - matchExpressions:
          - key: disktype
            operator: In
            values:
           - ssd

Add user to group

oc adm groups add-users openshift-admins rb_janitor

api-int

api-int.<fqdn>
for i in api-int:6443 api:6443 test.apps:443 ; do ping -c1 -W1 ${i%%:*} 2>&1 | xargs ; curl -skI https://${i%%:*}:${i##*:} 2>&1 | xargs ; done | cut -c -150

okd setup fix

# On bootstrap node. Could work on all clusters. First a test to se if it work already.
DOMAIN=$(grep " baseDomain: " /etc/mcc/bootstrap/cluster-dns-02-config.yml | awk '{print $2}')
for i in api-int api ; do ping -c1 -W1 $i.${DOMAIN} 2>&1 | xargs; done | cut -c -150 
echo "10.1.0.5 api-int.${DOMAIN} api.${DOMAIN}" >> /etc/hosts

oc annotate

Update the annotations on one or more resources. 

oc annotate pods foo description='my frontend'

setuid setgid

  securityContext:
    runAsUser: 10004000
    runAsGroup: 10004000

patch examples

Look at oc get ... -o json and copy line after line. 

oc patch redis redis-standalone --type merge  --patch '{"spec": {"securityContext": {"runAsGroup": 1000400000}}}'

limits

When your need to increase your cpu and memory resources. 

spec:
  containers:
...
   resources:
     limits:
       cpu: "2"
       memory: 5Gi
     requests:
       cpu: "2"
       memory: 5Gi

quotas on cpu memory pvc... per project

oc get ResourceQuota

tolerations|node selectors|...

oc describe pod 

Node-Selectors:              node-role.kubernetes.io/app=
Tolerations:                 node.kubernetes.io/memory-pressure:NoSchedule op=Exists
                             node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
                             node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 5s
                             node.ocs.openshift.io/storage=true:NoSchedule

enable monitoring

cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:  
  name: cluster-monitoring-config
  namespace: openshift-monitoring
data:
  config.yaml: |
    prometheusK8s:
      retention: 2d
EOF

retention elasticsearch

Edit the ClusterLogging CR to add or modify the retentionPolicy parameter:
apiVersion: "logging.openshift.io/v1"
kind: "ClusterLogging"
...
spec:
  managementState: "Managed"
  logStore:
    type: "elasticsearch"
    retentionPolicy: 
      application:
        maxAge: 1d
      infra:
        maxAge: 7d
      audit:
        maxAge: 7d
    elasticsearch:
      nodeCount: 3
...

retention prometheus

Prometheus retention. https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/4.10/monitoring/configuring-the-monitoring-stack.html#modifying-retention-time-for-prometheus-metrics-data_configuring-the-monitoring-stack
oc edit configmap cluster-monitoring-config -n openshift-monitoring
# Enable prometheus.
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: cluster-monitoring-config
  namespace: openshift-monitoring
data:
  config.yaml: |
    prometheusK8s:
      retention: 2d
EOF

EFK(elk)

ElasticSearch
# Fluentd
processing pipeline
# Kibana.
https://kibana-openshift-logging.apps.<url>

grafana

# grafana
https://grafana-openshift-monitoring.apps.<url>

pull secret

oc get secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --template='Template:Index .data ".dockerconfigjson"' | jq .

change number of nodes

oc get machineset -n openshift-machine-api
oc edit machineset -n openshift-machine-api <MachineSet>

Elasticsearch status

oc exec -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers | head -1) -- es_util --query=_cat/health?v
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