Openshift
What does it mean?
annotation comment,definition, attach metadata to objects. ceph Delivers object, block, and file storage in one unified system. ceph-osd object storage daemon for the Ceph distributed file system. It is responsible for storing objects on a local file system and providing access to them over the network. clbo CrashLoopBackOff cmo Cluster Monitoring Operator cncf Cloud Native Computing Foundation cni Container Network Interface (OVNKubernetes OpenShiftSDN) cnv Container-native Virtualization, add-on to OpenShift Container Platform that allows virtual machine workloads to run and be managed alongside container workloads. co Cluster Operator cr Custom Resource. (I found it like something added by enabling something. You get it from "oc api-resources") crd custom resource definitions crd CustomResourceDefinition. The name of a CRD object must be a valid DNS subdomain name. cri Container Runtime Interface cri-o Lightweight container runtime for kubernetes. csi Container Storage Interface csm Container Storage Modules csv cluster service version cvo Cluster Version Operator cvss Common Vulnerability Scoring System daemonset Ensures that all (or some) Nodes run a copy of a Pod deployment You describe a desired state in a Deployment. Deployment object describes how to create or modify pods that hold a containerized application by defining the desired state of a particular component. Deployments create and manage how ReplicaSets are deployed. ephemeral Short lived, temporary fsgroup Group which Kubernetes will change the permissions of all files in volumes to when volumes are mounted by a pod. grcp Google Remote Procedure Call, framework that brings performance benefits and modern features to client-server applications. Like RPC icsp ImageContentSourcePolicy. Blocking a payload registry. idp identity provider ipc namespace Each IPC namespace has its own set of System V IPC identifiers and its own POSIX message queue filesystem. . ipi Installer-Provisioned Infrastructure kubelet Kubelet is the primary "node agent" that runs on each node. Takes a set of PodSpecs (primarily through the apiserver) and ensures the containers described are running and healthy. kvdb key-value store (portworx) mco machine-config-operator mcp machine config pools noobaa data service for cloud environments, providing S3 object-store interface with flexible tiering, mirroring, and spread placement policies, over any storage resource that allows GET/PUT including S3,GCS.. nsfs virtual filesystem making Linux-kernel namespaces available. oadp openshift api data protection oci Open Container Initiative ocm OpenShift Cluster Manager ocp OpenShift Container Platform ocs OpenShift Container Storage odf OpenShift Data Foundation olm Operator Lifecycle Manager osm Open Service Mesh. Lightweight, extensible, cloud native service mesh ovnk Open Virtual Network Kubernetes pvc Persistent volume claim. binding between a Pod and Persistent Volume. pv Persistent volume. Persistent storage. low level representation of a storage volume. provisioner A StorageClass object contains a provisioner that decides which volume plugin is used to provision PersistentVolumes. quay.io builds, analyzes, distributes your container images. Owned by IBM ReadWriteMany Storage read/write for many. reconciling Restore friendly relations between. registrar The node-driver-registrar is a sidecar container that registers the CSI driver with Kubelet using the kubelet plugin registration mechanism. replicaset Maintain a stable set of replica Pods running at any given time rhacm Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes rhcos Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS rhcp Red Hat Ceph Storage rhcs Red Hat Cluster Suite rook Operator. File, block, and object storage for your cloud native environment and is based on battle tested ceph storage. rosa Red Hat OpenShift Service on AWS s2i source-to-image sa Service Account scc security context constraints sc security context seccomp Secure computing mode profiles can be associated with a container to restrict available system calls. SelfLink URL representing the given object. service Logical abstraction for a deployed group of pods in a cluster (which all perform the same function). skopeo Command line utility used to interact with local and remote container images and container image registries StatefulSet Workload object to manage stateful applications. Deployment and scaling Pods, ordering and uniqueness of Pods. Storage Class allows for dynamic provisioning of Persistent Volumes. svc service taint Taints ensure that pods are scheduled onto appropriate nodes. You can apply one or more taints on a node. tekton Container-native way to manage CI/CD. It's also the basis for OpenShift Pipelines. thanos Long-Term storage for your Prometheus Metrics on OpenShift toleration You can apply tolerations to pods. Tolerations allow the scheduler to schedule pods with matching taints. ubi Universal Base Images OCI-compliant container base operating system images with complementary runtime languages and packages that are freely redistributable. upi User-Provisioned Infrastructure uts Unix Timesharing System namespace. Controls the hostname and the NIS domain. uWSGI Project aims at developing a full stack for building hosting services. wwn world wide names. Fiber channel
where do I start
. <(oc completion bash) Get bash completion running. oc help Get commands oc api-resources What can you use commands on. oc options Which options apply to all commands
read
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/kubernetes-objects/
Projects that I have read about but forgotten
OpenEBS Storage solution. Possible backends. local, nfs, zfs, nvme. CStor to serve iSCSI block storage using the underlying disks or cloud volumes in a cloud native way
files of value
metadata.json File created during install. Used by openshift-install destroy cluster
oc get
Available resources to ask about.
oc api-resources
Get everything
oc api-resources -o name --no-headers | while read i ; do echo '***' $i ; oc get $i -A -o yaml 2>&1 ; done > /tmp/oc_api-resourece_-o_name_--no-headers.$(oc_api_url).$(date_file)
login
oc login --username developerhttps://openshift:6443
switch user
oc login --username developer
which clusters have you logged into
oc config get-clusters
List projects
oc projects oc get projects
select project
oc project $project
create project/namespace
oc create namespace redis
list pods
oc get pods oc get pods --all-namespaces oc get pods -o wide
wide will give you on which node pod is running.
oc get pods -o wide --all-namespaces
Get pods that are not runing.
oc get pods --field-selector status.phase!=Running --all-namespaces
oc get pods -A --no-headers | grep -v Completed | while read LINE ; do PODS=$(awk '{print $3}' <<< "${LINE}") ; if [ "${PODS%%/*}" != "${PODS##*/}" ] ; then echo "${LINE}" ; fi ; done
Get pods matching two states
oc get pods --field-selector=status.phase!=Running,spec.restartPolicy=Always
Get pods running on specific node
oc get pods -A -o wide --field-selector spec.nodeName=<node>
Get pods with label name=portworx-proxy
oc get pods -A -l name=portworx-proxy
Get pods with several labels
oc get pod -l 'app in (rook-ceph-mon,rook-ceph-operator,rook-ceph-osd,rook-ceph-rgw,rook-ceph-mgr,rook-ceph-mds,rook-ceph-crashcollector)'
get services
oc get svc
get shell on node
It is possible to debug more than nodes. (deployment, build, or job)
oc debug node/infra-2.ocpdev.lkl.ltkalmar.se
Get working env
chroot /host
get debug information from oc
oc debug --loglevel=10 node/$node
debug pod run as root disable health checks
oc debug deployment/my-deployment-name --as-root
get nodes
oc get nodes
oc get nodes -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}'
- Get nodes without headears. name, cpu:s, disk size, mem, ip address.
oc get nodes --no-headers --selector="node-role.kubernetes.io/worker" -o=custom-columns='NAME:.metadata.name,CPU:.status.capacity.cpu,DISK:.status.capacity.ephemeral-storage,MEM:.status.capacity.memory,IP:.status.addresses[?(@.type=="InternalIP")].address'
- Get node name and ip address.
oc get nodes --no-headers --selector="node-role.kubernetes.io/worker" -o=custom-columns='NAME:.metadata.name,IP:.status.addresses[?(@.type=="InternalIP")].address'
get nodes that are overcommited
oc get nodes -o jsonpath='{range .items[*]}{@.metadata.name}:{range @.status.conditions[*]}{@.type}={@.status};{end}{end}' | sed 's/:/=node;/g' | sed 's/;/\n/g' | grep -vE 'MemoryPressure=False|DiskPressure=False|PIDPressure=False|Ready=True'
Does any node stick out.
oc get nodes --no-headers -o=custom-columns=NAME:.metadata.name,CONDITIONS:.status.conditions
connect to pod
oc rsh $pod bash
list containers in pod
oc get pod/router-default-6b76b87c6-5m7h6 -n openshift-ingress -o json | jq -r '.spec.containers[].name' router logs
connect to container in pod
oc rsh -c router pod/router-default-6b76b87c6-5m7h6
get logs from all containers
Get logs all pods containers.
for POD in $(oc get pods -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}') ; do for CONTAINER in $(oc get pod/$POD -o json | jq -r '.spec.containers[].name') ; do echo '***' pod $POD, container $CONTAINER ; oc logs $POD -c $CONTAINER --tail=30 ; done; done
Get logs all pods containers in all namespaces.
oc get namespaces --no-headers | awk '{print $1}' | while read NAMESPACE ; do oc project $NAMESPACE >/dev/null ; for POD in $(oc get pods -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}') ; do for CONTAINER in $(oc get pod/$POD -o json | jq -r '.spec.containers[].name') ; do echo '***' namespace $NAMESPACE pod $POD, container $CONTAINER ; oc logs $POD $CONTAINER | grep vsphere.int.redbridge.se | tail -10 ; done; done ; done | tee /tmp/vsphere.int.redbridge.se
search logs for all pods for string save to file
SEARCH="cosprod-m22s6-worker-m52c8" ; oc get namespaces --no-headers | awk '{print $1}' | while read NAMESPACE ; do oc project $NAMESPACE >/dev/null ; for POD in $(oc get pods -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}') ; do for CONTAINER in $(oc get pod/$POD -o json | jq -r '.spec.containers[].name') ; do echo '***' namespace $NAMESPACE pod $POD, container $CONTAINER ; oc logs $POD $CONTAINER | grep "${SEARCH}" | tail -10 ; done; done ; done | tee /tmp/search_all_containers_"${SEARCH}".$(date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S').log
tail logs for pods matching label
oc logs -n openshift-storage -l app=csi-cephfsplugin -c driver-registrar -f --max-log-requests 8 --tail=1 oc logs -n openshift-cluster-storage-operator -l name=vsphere-problem-detector-operator --tail=-1 oc logs -f --tail=0 router-default-6c666984fd-ct8zf logs oc logs -f --namespace openshift-gitops deployment/openshift-gitops-server
Search for log entries locally on node
ls -la $(ls -la $(grep -l EAI_AGAIN /var/log/containers/*) | awk '{print $NF}')
grep -rl EAI_AGAIN /var/log/pods/
execute command in pod
oc exec pod/router-default-545ffb97db-4h9rx -- $command
execute command on all nodes
oc get nodes -o name | xargs -I {} oc debug {} -- chroot /host sh -c 'echo $HOSTNAME && chronyc sources'
where am i
POD_NAME=rook-ceph-operator-6c86f788d5-f8mqf POD_NAMESPACE=openshift-storage
describe pods
oc describe pods oc describe pod stage-sales-62-qjd
To get (almost) all object with a specific label from the current project, execute:
oc get all -l '<label_name>=<label_value>' oc get pods -n openshift-storage -o name -l app=rook-ceph-operator
get config from pod in yaml format
oc get pods router-default-545ffb97db-kgsdb -o yaml
get deployments
oc get deployments --all-namespaces
set environment variable in pod
oc set env dc/your-app-name COLOR=blue
unset environment variable in pod
oc set env dc/your-app-name COLOR-
list environment variables
oc set env pod/router-default-545ffb97db-lj2t5 --list
list templates
oc get templates -n openshift
Custom resource definitions.(crd)
oc get crd
sort
CREATED AT
oc get crd --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp
edit
oc edit deployment.apps/router-default
Watch changes taking place.
watch -n1 oc get all
grant permission to project
oc adm policy add-role-to-user view developer -n mysecrets
grant unrestriced access to service account
oc adm policy add-scc-to-user privileged system:serviceaccount:isilon:isilon-node
crictl
List running containers
crictl ps
List all pods
crictl pods
List all images
crictl images
Execute a command in a running container
crictl exec -it 1f73f2d81bf98 /bin/sh
nsenter
run program in different namespaces
which version
oc version
Get clusterversion
oc get clusterversion
copy files from pod
Copy session keys locally.
oc rsync caas-2-8s6cl:/tmp/sslkeylog .
tcpdump from nodes
ssh $node toolbox
oc get route -A
get routing.
oc describe route sales -n hlt-prod
Name: sales
Namespace: hlt-prod
Created: 13 months ago
Labels: <none>
Annotations: haproxy.router.openshift.io/balance=roundrobin
haproxy.router.openshift.io/disable_cookies=true
Requested Host: sales.prod.bobcat.hlt.se
exposed on router default (host apps.ocpprod.lkl.ltkalmar.se) 13 months ago
Path: <none>
TLS Termination: edge
Insecure Policy: <none>
Endpoint Port: port-8000-tcp
Service: sales
Weight: 100 (100%)
Endpoints: 10.160.7.166:8000, 10.160.7.167:8000, 10.160.7.168:8000 + 35 more...
=oc get pods (selecting specific pods Only name without headers
oc get pods -o custom-columns=POD:.metadata.name --no-headers -A
Describe Failing pods.
oc get pods -A --field-selector=status.phase=Failed --no-headers | while read NAME_SPACE POD REST_OF_LINE ; do echo '*' $POD ${NAME_SPACE} ; oc describe pod $POD -n "${NAME_SPACE}" ; done | less -ISRM
get label:s
oc get pods --show-labels
get subscriptions
oc get subscriptions -A
delete subscription
oc delete subscription openshift-gitops-operator -n openshift-operators
get available channels for subscription
oc get PackageManifest $OPERATOR -o json | jq -r '.status.channels[] | .name,.currentCSV'
update channel
oc patch subscriptions -n openshift-storage odf-operator --type merge -p '{"spec": {"channel": "stable-4.12"}}'
delete clusterserviceversion
oc delete clusterserviceversion openshift-gitops-operator.v1.7.4
whoami
oc whoami oc config current-context oc whoami --show-console=true --show-context=true
Which is the console url?
oc whoami --show-console
Which is the api url?
oc whoami --show-server
get instance url
oc get routes -n openshift-console console
get list of user
oc config view -o jsonpath='{.users[*].name}'
list contexts
oc config get-contexts
use-context
oc config use-context openshift-marketplace/api-abjorklund-01-rbcloud-net:6443/kube:admin
oc explain pv
oc explain pv
oc get configmap cluster-monitoring-config
put node offline
Mark a node as unschedulable.
oc adm cordon node1
Drain a node in preparation for maintenance.
oc adm drain <node> --force --delete-emptydir-data --ignore-daemonsets oc adm drain <node> --ignore-daemonsets --force --grace-period=30 --delete-local-data oc adm drain <node> --force --delete-emptydir-data --grace-period=1 --ignore-daemonsets
Mark node as online.
oc adm uncordon node1
Extend memory on node.
# Add memory to master nodes. NODE=costest-ph9l4-master-1 oc adm cordon $NODE oc adm drain $NODE --force --delete-emptydir-data --grace-period=1 --ignore-daemonsets timeout 10 oc debug node/$NODE -- chroot /host sh -c 'echo $HOSTNAME && sudo shutdown -P now' govc vm.power -off /RGK/vm/costest-ph9l4/$NODE govc vm.info /RGK/vm/costest-ph9l4/$NODE govc vm.change -vm /RGK/vm/costest-ph9l4/$NODE -m 20480 govc vm.power -on /RGK/vm/costest-ph9l4/$NODE oc adm uncordon $NODE oc adm top nodes -l node-role.kubernetes.io/master
Get pv:s
oc get pv
Sorted by size.
oc get pv --sort-by=.spec.capacity.storage -A
Get more info about a pv.
oc describe pv $PV
Access modes for pv:s. AccessMode
RWO - ReadWriteOnce ROX - ReadOnlyMany RWX - ReadWriteMany RWOP - ReadWriteOncePod
get pvc:s
oc get pvc --all-namespaces | less
sort by
oc get pvc --sort-by=.spec.resources.requests.storage -A
create pvc
# oc create pvc
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: abjorklund-pvc1
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
EOF
extend/increase pvc
PVC=postgres-instance1-x5b8-pgdata ;NAMESPACE=rk-cos-prod ; oc patch pvc ${PVC} --type=merge -p '{"spec":{"resources":{"requests":{"storage": "2Gi"}}}}' -n ${NAMESPACE}
which pods are using pvc
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o=json | jq -c '.items[] | {name: .metadata.name, namespace: .metadata.namespace, claimName:.spec.volumes[] | select( has ("persistentVolumeClaim") ).persistentVolumeClaim.claimName }'
kubectl
List contexts
kubectl config get-contexts
Select context
kubectl config use-context default/api-blabla-halfface-se:6443/kube:admin
list groups
oc get groups -o wide
scale
oc scale --replicas=2 rc/postgresql-1
top(disable wikimedia top)
oc adm top pods --use-protocol-buffers --all-namespaces oc adm top pods --use-protocol-buffers --all-namespaces --sort-by=cpu | head -20| cut -c -200 oc adm top nodes --sort-by=cpu oc adm top nodes --sort-by=memory
get memory usage of all running pods in MB
oc get pods -o custom-columns=POD:.metadata.name --no-headers --field-selector status.phase=Running| while read POD ; do echo $POD $(( $(oc exec -it $POD -- cat /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.usage_in_bytes </dev/null 2>/dev/null) / 1024 / 1024 )) MB ; done oc get pods -A -o wide --no-headers --field-selector spec.nodeName=ocp-04-9lxgz-worker-wlw9p --field-selector status.phase=Running | while read NAMESPACE POD NULL ; do oc project $NAMESPACE >/dev/null 2>&1 ; oc adm top pod $POD --containers --no-headers ; done | sort -k 4 -n| less
Get memory usage per pod on specific node.
NODE=ocp-01-4dfqx-worker-4n6mk ; oc get pods -A -o wide --no-headers --field-selector "spec.nodeName=${NODE},status.phase=Running" | while read NAMESPACE POD NULL ; do oc project $NAMESPACE >/dev/null 2>&1 ; oc adm top pod $POD --containers --no-headers ; done | sed 's/ */\t/g' | sort -k 4 -n | column -t -s $'\t'
oc get crd
Get Custom Resource Definitions.
oc get crd
operators
Automatically setup of a instances.
list installed operators
oc get ClusterServiceVersions -A oc get csv -A
Search all namespaces. Exclude namespace.
oc get csv -A -o=custom-columns='NAME:.metadata.name,VERSION:.spec.version,DISPLAY:.spec.displayName' --no-headers | sort | uniq
list available operators
oc get packagemanifests
oc adm upgrade --to-image=
Upgrade to version that you found on github okd
oc adm upgrade
Upgrade okd images.
Launch a new instance of a pod for gathering debug information. Compress and deliver in support case
cd /tmp && oc adm must-gather tar czf /tmp/must-gather.$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S).tar.gz must-gather.local.*
Must gather for odf. (get csv -n openshift-storage gives you version to use
cd /tmp && oc adm must-gather --image=registry.redhat.io/odf4/ocs-must-gather-rhel8:4.10 tar czf /tmp/must-gather.$(date +%F_%H-%M-%S).tar.gz must-gather.local.*
oc adm certificate approve <csr_name>
Approve csr certificate
oc adm release info
# Show information about the cluster's current release oc adm release info # Show the source code that comprises a release oc adm release info 4.2.2 --commit-urls # Show the source code difference between two releases oc adm release info 4.2.0 4.2.2 --commits # Show where the images referenced by the release are located oc adm release info quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release:4.2.2 --pullspecs # Show release info about a release oc adm release info 4.10.47 --pullspecs
oc adm node-logs
Look at logs from crio from master nodes.
oc adm node-logs --role master -u crio
Get logs from one node from unit crio
oc adm node-logs abjorklund-01-5tsbc-worker-0-kcr54 -u crio
Look at specific log
oc adm node-logs --role master --path=openshift-apiserver/audit.log
List logs
oc adm node-logs --role=master --path=/
Logs since older reboots
oc adm node-logs --role=master --path=/
openshift upgrade path
https://access.redhat.com/labs/ocpupgradegraph/update_path?channel=stable-4.9&arch=x86_64&is_show_hot_fix=false¤t_ocp_version=4.9.15&target_ocp_version=4.10.11
upgrade openshift
# look for existing alerts.
# look for troublesome pods.
oc get pods -A | grep -Ev ' Running | Completed '
# Set channel
oc patch clusterversion version --type merge -p '{"spec": {"channel": "stable-4.10"}}'
oc adm upgrade --to=4.10.47
oc get clusterversion -o json|jq ".items[0].spec"
# View openshift version history.
oc get clusterversion -o json|jq ".items[0].status.history"
# View progress of update.
watch -n1 oc whoami --show-console \; oc adm upgrade
# Upgrade all operators
oc get installplan -A | grep Manual | grep false
oc patch installplan $INSTALLPLAN -n $NAMESPACE --type merge --patch '{"spec":{"approved":true}}'
upgrade okd
# Change channel.
oc adm upgrade channel stable-4.13
# Upgrade to wanted version.
oc adm upgrade --to=4.13.0-0.okd-2023-05-22-052007 --allow-explicit-upgrade
oc adm upgrade --to-latest=true --allow-explicit-upgrade
# If complaining about cert.
oc patch --type='merge' --patch='{"spec":{"desiredUpdate":{"force":true}}}' clusterversion version
# Acknowledge changed api.
oc -n openshift-config patch cm admin-acks --patch '{"data":{"ack-4.13-kube-1.27-api-removals-in-4.14":"true"}}' --type=merge
upgrade odf
# Save existing config.
oc get subscriptions -n openshift-storage odf-operator -o yaml
# Patch subscription
oc patch subscriptions -n openshift-storage odf-operator --type merge -p '{"spec": {"channel": "stable-4.10"}}'
# Get install plans
oc get installplan -n openshift-storage -o wide
# Approve install plan.
oc patch installplan install-4gf99 -n openshift-storage --type merge --patch '{"spec":{"approved":true}}'
odf troubleshooting
# ceph problem. Run commands from rook-ceph-operator oc rsh -n openshift-storage $(oc get pods -n openshift-storage -o name -l app=rook-ceph-operator) export CEPH_ARGS='-c /var/lib/rook/openshift-storage/openshift-storage.config' ceph -s ceph osd pool ls ceph osd pool autoscale-status ceph config dump # disable autoscaling ceph osd pool ls | while read i ; do echo '*' $i ; ceph osd pool set $i pg_autoscale_mode off ; done # Look to see how much data is being used for pg:s. # Number of PGLog Entries, size of PGLog data in megabytes, and Average size of each PGLog item for i in 0 1 2 ; do echo '*' $i ; osdid=$i ; ceph tell osd.$osdid dump_mempools | jq -r '.mempool.by_pool.osd_pglog | [ .items, .bytes /1024/1024, .bytes / .items ] | @csv' ;done ceph df
helm
List all helm charts in all namespaces
helm list -aA
cronjobs
oc get cj oc get cronjobs -o wide -A
Run cronjob manually
oc create job -n ldap-sync --from=cronjob/ldap-sync ldap-sync-manual-$(date '+%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S')
Disable cronjob
.spec.suspend: true
delete po (stop, kill)
stop pod
oc delete po --all --force
oc delete pod openshift-gitops-server --namespace openshift-gitops
oc delete pods -n openshift-oauth-apiserver --all
oc get po -A | grep -v ^NAME | awk '$4 !~ /Running/' | sort -k4 | while read NAMESPACE POD READY STATUS END ; do echo '****' $POD $STATUS ; echo oc delete po $POD -n $NAMESPACE --force --grace-period=0 ; done
oc get pods -A --field-selector=status.phase!=Running --no-headers | while read NAME_SPACE POD REST_OF_LINE ; do echo oc delete pod $POD -n "${NAME_SPACE}" --force --grace-period=0 ; done
(oc get pods --field-selector="status.phase=Pending" --no-headers -A ; oc get pods --field-selector="status.phase=Failed" --no-headers -A) | while read NAME_SPACE POD REST_OF_LINE ; do echo oc delete pod $POD -n "${NAME_SPACE}" --force --grace-period=0 ; done
# Delete pods and generate report on what has been removed.
LOG=/tmp/oc_delete_pod_$(oc config current-context | awk -F '/|:' '{print $2}').$(date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S').log ; (oc get pods --field-selector="status.phase=Pending" --no-headers -A ; oc get pods --field-selector="status.phase=Failed" --no-headers -A) | while read NAME_SPACE POD REST_OF_LINE ; do oc delete pod $POD -n "${NAME_SPACE}" --force --grace-period=0 ; done | tee $LOG ; awk -F\" '{print $2}' $LOG | sed 's/-[a-z0-9]*$//g'| sed 's/-[a-z0-9]*$//g' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n | tail -20
use other namespace
oc rsh --namespace namespace-name pod-name oc rsh --namespace namespace-name-operator pod-name bash -c 'echo $PATH $HOSTNAME'
list namespaces
oc get namespace
use namespace
oc rsh --namespace openshift-gitops openshift-gitops-application-controller-0
kubectl get netnamespace
Command line utility used to configure network. Egress address can be used to define outgoing address. Which can also cause other issues.
oc get netnamespace openshift-gitops -oyaml
oc get routes
oc get routes --namespace openshift-gitops
oc get oauth
Describe authentication methods.
oc get oauth cluster -o yaml
decode token. base64
https://jwt.io/
view secrets
oc get secret ca-key-pair -o go-template='Template:Range $k,$v := .dataTemplate:"Template:$kTemplate:"\n"Template:$vTemplate:"\n\n"Template:End'
delete cluster
openshift-install destroy cluster
storageclasses(sc)
oc get storageclasses
get storageclasses defined as default
oc get sc -o json | jq -r '.items[]|select(."metadata".annotations."storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class"=="true")|.metadata.name'
set default storageclass
# Set all sc to default false.
oc get sc -o json | jq -r '.items[]|select(."metadata".annotations."storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class"=="true")|.metadata.name' | while read i ; do echo '*' $i ; oc patch storageclass $i -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"false"}}}'; done
# Set default storageclass.
oc patch storageclass ocs-storagecluster-cephfs -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"true"}}}'
get service accounts
oc get serviceaccounts -A oc get sa -A
which permissions do I have
oc auth can-i --as=fjuza --list oc get groups -o wide
alerts
How is alertmanager configured
base64 -d <(oc get secret -n openshift-monitoring alertmanager-main -o json | jq -r '.data."alertmanager.yaml"') oc -n openshift-monitoring get secret alertmanager-main --template='Template:Index .data "alertmanager.yaml"' | base64 --decode
Save alertmanger config
oc get secret alertmanager-main -n openshift-monitoring --template='{{index .data "alertmanager.yaml" | base64decode}}' > /tmp/oc_get_secret_alertmanager-main.alertmanager.yaml.$(oc whoami --show-console=true | awk -F / '{print $3}').$(date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S')
Restore alertmanager config
oc set data secret alertmanager-main -n openshift-monitoring --from-file=alertmanager.yaml=/tmp/secret_alertmanager-main.alertmanager.yaml... oc -n openshift-monitoring create secret generic alertmanager-main --from-file=alertmanager.yaml --dry-run=client -o=yaml | oc -n openshift-monitoring replace secret --filename=-
alertmanager
View Alertmanager configured alerts.
oc get prometheusrules -A -o yaml | grep alert: | sort
View configuration of alert
oc get prometheusrules -A -o json | jq '.items[].spec.groups[].rules[]| select(.alert=="AlertmanagerReceiversNotConfigured")'
view alerts.
oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/alerts" | jq . | less -ISRM
View alerts in state firing
oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/alerts" | jq '.data.alerts[]|select(.state=="firing")' | less -ISRM
View alerts in state firing with severity warning
oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/alerts" | jq '.data.alerts[]|select(.state=="firing")|select(.labels.severity=="warning")' | less -ISRM
View historical alerts.
oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query_range?query=ALERTS&start=2022-08-08T00:00:00.781Z&end=2022-08-09T00:00:00.781Z&step=1m" oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query_range?query=ALERTS&start=$(date '+%Y-%m-%d' --date '-2 days')T00:00:00.781Z&end=$(date '+%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S').781Z&step=1m" | jq . | less -ISRM
Get warning alerts since the last week.
echo '***' $(oc whoami --show-console) ; oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query_range?query=ALERTS&start=$(date '+%Y-%m-%d' --date '-7 days')T00:00:00.781Z&end=$(date '+%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S').781Z&step=2m" | jq -r '.data.result[].metric | {alertname, severity}| select(.severity=="warning") | .alertname' | uniq echo '***' $(oc whoami --show-console) ; oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query_range?query=ALERTS&start=$(TZ=UTC date '+%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.000Z' --date '-6 days')&end=$(TZ=UTC date '+%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S').000Z&step=1m" | jq -r '.data.result[].metric | {alertname, severity, alertstate}| select(.severity=="warning")|select(.alertstate=="firing") | .alertname'
disable alermanager alert
Example config. blackhole is the key.
global:
resolve_timeout: 5m
receivers:
- name: Default
- name: Watchdog
- name: blackhole
route:
group_by:
- namespace
group_interval: 5m
group_wait: 30s
receiver: blackhole
repeat_interval: 5m
routes:
- match:
alertname: blackhole
receiver: blackhole
prometheus
Url to web interface.
https://prometheus-k8s-openshift-monitoring.apps.<url> echo https://prometheus-k8s-openshift-monitoring.$(oc whoami --show-console | awk -F 'console-openshift-console.' '{print $2}') echo https://$(oc get route -n openshift-monitoring prometheus-k8s -o jsonpath="{.spec.host}")
Get disk usage from odf
oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query?query=odf_system_raw_capacity_used_bytes" | jq -r .
Get disk usage from odf over time.
oc -n openshift-monitoring exec -c prometheus prometheus-k8s-0 -- curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query_range?query=odf_system_raw_capacity_used_bytes&start=$(date '+%Y-%m-%d' --date '-20 days')T00:00:00.781Z&end=$(date '+%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S').781Z&step=1h" | jq . | less -ISRM
Search tips
https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/basics/
Disk usage per project. Taken from RH ticket.
oc -n openshift-monitoring exec prometheus-k8s-0 -c prometheus -- curl -s -g 'http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query?' --data-urlencode 'query=(sort_desc(topk(25,(sum(kubelet_volume_stats_used_bytes * on (namespace,persistentvolumeclaim) group_left(storageclass, provisioner) (kube_persistentvolumeclaim_info * on (storageclass) group_left(provisioner) kube_storageclass_info {provisioner=~"(.*cephfs.csi.ceph.com)"})) by (namespace)))))'
Talk to api with Bearer.
HOST=$(oc -n openshift-monitoring get route alertmanager-main -ojsonpath={.spec.host})
TOKEN=$(oc whoami -t)
curl -skH "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" "https://$HOST/api/v2/alerts" | jq .
token2
token=`oc sa get-token prometheus-k8s -n openshift-monitoring` ## --- In OCP client 4.10 or lower ---
OR
token=`oc create token prometheus-k8s -n openshift-monitoring` ## --- In OCP client 4.11 or higher ---
curl using token
curl -k -H "Authorization: Bearer $token" 'https://alertmanager-main-openshift-monitoring.apps.domain/api/v1/alerts' | jq '.data[].labels'
bash completion
. <(oc completion bash)
machineconfig
view settings
oc describe machineconfigpool
set ntp servers
echo 'variant: openshift
version: 4.9.0
metadata:
name: 99-master-chrony
labels:
machineconfiguration.openshift.io/role: master
storage:
files:
- path: /etc/chrony.conf
mode: 0644
overwrite: true
contents:
inline: |
server ntp.lio.se iburst
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
makestep 1.0 3
rtcsync
logdir /var/log/chrony' | butane | oc apply -f -
Verify settings
oc get nodes --no-headers --selector="node-role.kubernetes.io/worker" -o=custom-columns='NAME:.metadata.name,IP:.status.addresses[?(@.type=="InternalIP")].address' | while read NODE_NAME NODE_IP ; do echo $NODE_NAME $(ssh $NODE_IP "chronyc sourcestats| tail -n +4" </dev/null) ; done
get users
oc get users
work with oc without login
export KUBECONFIG=/var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig
Add the following if cert is not trusted
- cluster:
insecure-skip-tls-verify: true
server: https://127.0.0.1:443
name: my-cluster
run oc when on node
oc get pod -n openshift-monitoring --kubeconfig=/var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig
etcdctl
oc rsh -c etcdctl -n openshift-etcd $(oc get pod -l app=etcd -oname -n openshift-etcd | awk -F"/" 'NR==1{ print $2 }')
[root@ocp-03-lm8km-master-1 /]# etcdctl --write-out=table endpoint status
+---------------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
| ENDPOINT | ID | VERSION | DB SIZE | IS LEADER | IS LEARNER | RAFT TERM | RAFT INDEX | RAFT APPLIED INDEX | ERRORS |
+---------------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
| htt://172.19.14.36:2379 | c4f7b42b92713818 | 3.5.0 | 105 MB | false | false | 6 | 2632074 | 2632074 | |
| htt://172.19.14.37:2379 | 5dea668b432969fc | 3.5.0 | 105 MB | false | false | 6 | 2632074 | 2632074 | |
| htt://172.19.14.41:2379 | 51cecd971b657ee5 | 3.5.0 | 105 MB | true | false | 6 | 2632074 | 2632074 | |
+---------------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
create troubleshooting/debug/test pod
oc run abjorklund-redhat-ubi8 --image=redhat/ubi8 -i --tty -- sh
oc run abjorklund-curlimage-curl --image=curlimages/curl -i --tty -- sh
oc run -it busybox --image=busybox --restart=Never -- ash
oc run abjorklund-rocky-rocky --image=rockylinux/rockylinux -i --tty -- bash
oc run ${USER}-rocky-rocky --image=rockylinux/rockylinux -i --tty -- bash # dnf -y install procps-ng iproute
oc run ${USER}-rocky-rocky --image=rockylinux/rockylinux --restart=Never --command sleep infinity
install packages to get running
yum install -y lsof procps-ng bind-utils
proxy settings
oc get proxy cluster -o yaml
Change ca
oc patch proxy/cluster --type=merge --patch='{"spec":{"trustedCA":{"name":"custom-ca"}}}'
oc proxy
Run a proxy to the Kubernetes API server
port forward to pod
oc port-forward <my-pod-name> <local-port>:<remote-port>
Install additional ca certificate
apiVersion: machineconfiguration.openshift.io/v1
kind: MachineConfig
metadata:
labels:
machineconfiguration.openshift.io/role: worker
name: 50-redbridge-ca-cert
spec:
config:
ignition:
version: 3.1.0
storage:
files:
- contents:
source: data:text/plain;charset=utf-8;base64,LS0tLS1CRUdJTiBDRVJUSUZJQ0FURS0tLS0tCk1JSURrVENDQW5tZ0F3SUJBZ0lFSC93Skh6QU5CZ2txaGtpRzl3MEJBUXNGQURBM01SVXdFd1lEVlFRS0RBeFMKUlVSQ1VrbEVSMFV1VTBVeEhqQWNCZ05WQkFNTUZVTmxjblJwWm1sallYUmxJRUYxZEdodmNtbDBlVEFlRncweQpNVEF5TWpNd056RTVOVFphRncwME1UQXlNak13TnpFNU5UWmFNRGN4RlRBVEJnTlZCQW9NREZKRlJFSlNTVVJIClJTNVRSVEVlTUJ3R0ExVUVBd3dWUTJWeWRHbG1hV05oZEdVZ1FYVjBhRzl5YVhSNU1JSUJJakFOQmdrcWhraUcKOXcwQkFRRUZBQU9DQVE4QU1JSUJDZ0tDQVFFQW5mY1F3YURwcEdzNWJxaUc5ajE5aFJVaG1sMzhjb2JGT2tzRQpsZFo3Y3RkV1d6VHJqSTFCRGxZSEd5SXBYMEo4ZU1PaDhvbUZqbVR6VTEzTkpWSnJrWm5RaDRhTzA1UGtKRlJRCkg1ZVA2N3R0S2pEb0txOFZVWXRZUldxRlFaalNxY2lQMzJobXZSNG42QVZDWDdCaUVBZjd2Y05ZVys0a1k5OUsKbTluV1BNbEpGU056M1puRnlWc1BtR1ZWeVN2RmFVL0dBTmt1Z25uSGdUM1VUUTNsc2NidU5keUpBcVEya3dHSwpKbkdZKzBSajVrUWpvdXptUjBDZ3pJN0hWSmhwK2Z6R1lyenRYQXA1Zkt0Z3ZTZFRtTndVVXZJR3pLTmU4WklGCmY0WVVUUDFPdU9jUmNIRDJQclVodDgzWlRLYzNwOUhLYk5CazIzWFFtYU85QVBqeEl3SURBUUFCbzRHa01JR2gKTUI4R0ExVWRJd1FZTUJhQUZMbWFrNHdDamtuakZvWkd6M1daRGErY2N4RGxNQjBHQTFVZERnUVdCQlM1bXBPTQpBbzVKNHhhR1JzOTFtUTJ2bkhNUTVUQVBCZ05WSFJNQkFmOEVCVEFEQVFIL01BNEdBMVVkRHdFQi93UUVBd0lCCnhqQStCZ2dyQmdFRkJRY0JBUVF5TURBd0xnWUlLd1lCQlFVSE1BR0dJbWgwZEhBNkx5OXBjR0V0WTJFdWNtVmsKWW5KcFpHZGxMbk5sTDJOaEwyOWpjM0F3RFFZSktvWklodmNOQVFFTEJRQURnZ0VCQURabURvUytJY1ZMcERBRwpiSXM0SWRJKzcxY0xINk90NjNkYWhBT25QRDJnMUhvVUFIZFdUcGdobER3TkFQWjg3UXQybFc4Q1B4eDhCQVZOCnlrZWlEN2paeVA5dmVCcDRxNjBiSTVYSENndWV5U2lGdjBBKzloKzMzekMrYy9WbStJVHJNTkZ0dlZMNE1kRWQKaVE4UVBhaFJEWW1qVkJVb1VIZWErMDdkWEY3TzQxY2t2YzZRb0lad2F5Y1Zhc0gvd05lVGNrdzl1TlNiajNTQwoyNHdpOUthQnpxdDZsWlF3TG5uUjVnNjNWUDZNZUprR2FXMTBxdExiQVM4NGZwQ1NWTUx3U051MGZqeFU2d2lPCkRjaWlKKzNZOG5ldjM5NGJHRkwxcG5ZVmM4YmpoL0xaaHM1dTRQUnhlNFBLRER2Y09NZUhpUkN1M1YySWRRTTgKbDl3enBQZz0KLS0tLS1FTkQgQ0VSVElGSUNBVEUtLS0tLQoK
mode: 0644
overwrite: true
path: /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/redbridge-ca.crt
get raw api data
oc get --raw "/api/v1/nodes/[node]/proxy/stats/summary"
Via proxy.
oc proxy & Starting to serve on 127.0.0.1:8001 curl -s http://localhost:8001/api/v1/nodes/crc-lgph7-master-0/proxy/stats/summary curl -s http://localhost:8001/api/v1/nodes/crc-lgph7-master-0/proxy/metrics/resource
explain
Get documentation for a resource
oc explain deployment
events
Get events.
oc get events -A --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp
jsonpath
Get names of MachineConfigs one value per line.
oc get mc -o jsonpath='{range .items[*]}{.metadata.name}{"\n"}{end}' --no-headers
endpoints
look to see that pods are defined in
oc get endpoints -n default
ImageStreamTag
ImageStreamTag represents an Image that is retrieved by tag name from an ImageStream.
BuildConfig
Build configurations define a build process for new container images.
download okd openshift-install
# Show latest latest curl -skL https://github.com/okd-project/okd/releases | elinks --dump | grep Latest oc adm release extract --tools quay.io/openshift/okd:4.9.0-0.okd-2022-02-12-140851
setup openshift cluster
Download binary
cd /tmp/ ; curl -L -O https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/x86_64/clients/ocp/4.10.47/openshift-install-linux.tar.gz && sudo tar xf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz -C /usr/local/bin/
Add vmware certs if using that backend.
(cd /tmp/ ; curl -sk https://${vspherer_server}/certs/download.zip -O) ; cd /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors ; sudo unzip -oj /tmp/download.zip certs/lin/\* ; sudo update-ca-trust
Create config file
install-config.yaml
Then fire off install
openshift-install create cluster
Another example
ln -s install-config.yaml.2023-03-23 install-config.yaml ./openshift-install-4.12.0-0.okd-2023-04-16-041331 create cluster
Edit install config after setup
Save config
oc get cm cluster-config-v1 -n kube-system --template='{{index .data "install-config" }}' > /tmp/cm_cluster-config-v1_-n_kube-system.$(oc whoami --show-console=true | awk -F / '{print $3}').$(date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S')
Edit downloaded file and apply edited file.
oc set data cm cluster-config-v1 -n kube-system --from-file=install-config=/tmp/cm_cluster-config-v1_-n_kube-system.<suitable_name>
look at install settings
oc get -n kube-system cm/cluster-config-v1 -o yaml
argocd
curl -sSL -o argocd-linux-amd64 https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/releases/latest/download/argocd-linux-amd64 sudo install -m 555 argocd-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/argocd rm argocd-linux-amd64
argocd login
argocd login openshift-gitops-server-openshift-gitops.apps.costest.ltkronoberg.se --username kubeadmin --password asdfasfasdfas --sso --insecure argocd login $(oc get routes -n openshift-gitops openshift-gitops-server -o json | jq -r .spec.host) --username $USER --password $COMPANY_PASSWORD --sso --insecure
git sync heal
argocd app list | grep -v NAME | awk '{print $1}' | while read i ; do echo '*' $i ; argocd app set $i --self-heal ; done
metrics
Get available values
Thanos monitoring points
curl -sk -H "Authorization: Bearer $(oc whoami -t)" https://$(oc get routes -n openshift-monitoring thanos-querier -o jsonpath='{.status.ingress[0].host}')/api/v1/metadata | jq .
node-exporter
oc --request-timeout=3 -n openshift-monitoring exec -c node-exporter $(oc get pod -n openshift-monitoring -l app.kubernetes.io/name=node-exporter -o=custom-columns='NAME:.metadata.name' --no-headers | head -1) -- curl -s 'http://localhost:9100/metrics' | grep -vE "^#|^$"
Cpu usage per node.
100 - (avg by (instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode="idle"}[30m])) * 100)
instance:node_cpu_utilisation:rate1m{job="node-exporter", cluster=""} != 0
instance:node_cpu_utilisation:rate1m{job="node-exporter"} != 0
namespace
cpu usage per namespace.
sum(node_namespace_pod_container:container_cpu_usage_seconds_total:sum_irate{cluster=""}) by (namespace)
load
Load 1 graph
instance:node_load1_per_cpu:ratio{job="node-exporter", cluster=""} != 0
usage for pvc
kubelet_volume_stats_used_bytes
kubelet_volume_stats_available_bytes
kubelet_volume_stats_used_bytes{persistentvolumeclaim="prometheus-prometheus-k8s-1"}
Memory usage
Memory usage of node.
instance:node_memory_utilisation:ratio
install oc kubectl
Download oc/kubectl. wget.
wget https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/x86_64/clients/ocp/latest/openshift-client-linux.tar.gz; tar -xzvf openshift-client-linux.tar.gz; chmod +x oc; sudo rm /usr/local/bin/oc 2>/dev/null ;
Download oc/kubectl curl
cd /tmp/ ; curl -vskL https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/x86_64/clients/ocp/latest/openshift-client-linux.tar.gz -O ; tar -xzvf openshift-client-linux.tar.gz; chmod +x oc; sudo rm /usr/local/bin/oc 2>/dev/null ; sudo mv oc /usr/local/bin
time and timezone in first pod(date)
oc get pods --no-headers -o 'custom-columns=:.metadata.namespace,:.metadata.name' | head -1 | while read NAMESPACE POD ; do oc rsh -n $NAMESPACE $POD bash -c 'date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z"' 2>/dev/null ; done
oc get installplan
InstallPlan defines the installation of a set of operators.
oc get installplan install-bk8hw -n openshift-operators -o yaml
Approve all manual updates.
oc get installplans.operators.coreos.com -A --no-headers | awk '$5 ~ /false/' | awk '$4 ~ /Manual/' | while read NAMESPACE INSTALLPLAN END ; do echo '*' $NAMESPACE $INSTALLPLAN ; oc patch installplan $INSTALLPLAN -n $NAMESPACE --type merge --patch '{"spec":{"approved":true}}' ; done
Get selected info from all installplans
oc get installplans.operators.coreos.com -A --no-headers -o=custom-columns='DATE:.metadata.creationTimestamp,NAME:.metadata.name,PHASE:.status.phase,CSV:.spec.clusterServiceVersionNames,NAMESPACE:.metadata.namespace' --sort-by=.metadata.creationTimestamp
oc extract
Extract secrets or config maps to disk
# Extract only the key "nginx.conf" from config map "nginx" to the /tmp directory oc extract configmap/nginx --to=/tmp --keys=nginx.conf
dependencies,owner
Search in output from
oc describe ...
Search for this.
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/rook-ceph-osd-0-6dcdc7fb48
metadata.ownerReferences
Define object that owns object
nodeAffinity
Pin pod to node with label (kubectl label nodes <your-node-name> disktype=ssd)
spec:
affinity:
nodeAffinity:
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: disktype
operator: In
values:
- ssd
Add user to group
oc adm groups add-users openshift-admins rb_janitor
api-int
api-int.<fqdn>
for i in api-int:6443 api:6443 test.apps:443 ; do ping -c1 -W1 ${i%%:*} 2>&1 | xargs ; curl -skI https://${i%%:*}:${i##*:} 2>&1 | xargs ; done | cut -c -150
for i in api-int:6443 api:6443 test.apps:443 ; do ping -c1 -W1 ${i%%:*} 2>&1 | xargs ; set -x ; curl -skv https://${i%%:*}:${i##*:} -o /dev/null 2>&1 | grep "Server certificate:" -A5 ; set +x ; done | cut -c -150
test talk to api-int
CACERT=/tmp/%var%lib%kubelet%kubeconfig%certificate-authority-data ; grep certificate-authority-data: /var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig | awk '{print $2}' | base64 -d > /$CACERT ; curl -s --key /var/lib/kubelet/pki/kubelet-client-current.pem --cert /var/lib/kubelet/pki/kubelet-client-current.pem --cacert $CACERT -XGET "$(grep server /etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig | awk '{print $2}')/api/v1/namespaces/default/pods?limit=500"
okd setup fix
# On bootstrap node. Could work on all clusters. First a test to se if it work already.
DOMAIN=$(grep " baseDomain: " /etc/mcc/bootstrap/cluster-dns-02-config.yml | awk '{print $2}')
for i in api-int api ; do ping -c1 -W1 $i.${DOMAIN} 2>&1 | xargs; done | cut -c -150
echo "10.1.0.5 api-int.${DOMAIN} api.${DOMAIN}" >> /etc/hosts
oc annotate
Update the annotations on one or more resources.
oc annotate pods foo description='my frontend'
setuid setgid
securityContext:
runAsUser: 10004000
runAsGroup: 10004000
patch examples
Look at oc get ... -o json and copy line after line.
oc patch redis redis-standalone --type merge --patch '{"spec": {"securityContext": {"runAsGroup": 1000400000}}}'
limits
When your need to increase your cpu and memory resources. cpu limit is either written as a number. 0.5 for half a cpu. Or rather a definition in milli. 500m for half a cpu.
spec:
containers:
...
resources:
limits:
cpu: "2"
memory: 5Gi
requests:
cpu: "2"
memory: 5Gi
quotas on cpu memory pvc... per project
oc get ResourceQuota
tolerations|node selectors|...
oc describe pod
Node-Selectors: node-role.kubernetes.io/app=
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/memory-pressure:NoSchedule op=Exists
node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 5s
node.ocs.openshift.io/storage=true:NoSchedule
enable monitoring
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: cluster-monitoring-config
namespace: openshift-monitoring
data:
config.yaml: |
prometheusK8s:
retention: 2d
EOF
retention elasticsearch
Edit the ClusterLogging CR to add or modify the retentionPolicy parameter:
apiVersion: "logging.openshift.io/v1"
kind: "ClusterLogging"
...
spec:
managementState: "Managed"
logStore:
type: "elasticsearch"
retentionPolicy:
application:
maxAge: 1d
infra:
maxAge: 7d
audit:
maxAge: 7d
elasticsearch:
nodeCount: 3
...
retention prometheus
Prometheus retention. https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/4.10/monitoring/configuring-the-monitoring-stack.html#modifying-retention-time-for-prometheus-metrics-data_configuring-the-monitoring-stack oc edit configmap cluster-monitoring-config -n openshift-monitoring # Enable prometheus. cat <<EOF | oc apply -f - apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: cluster-monitoring-config namespace: openshift-monitoring data: config.yaml: | prometheusK8s: retention: 2d EOF
EFK(elk)
ElasticSearch # Fluentd processing pipeline # Kibana. https://kibana-openshift-logging.apps.<url>
grafana
# grafana https://grafana-openshift-monitoring.apps.<url>
pull secret
oc get secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --template='Template:Index .data ".dockerconfigjson"' -o json | jq .
Just the keys.
oc get secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --template='Template:Index .data ".dockerconfigjson"' -o json | jq -r '.data.".dockerconfigjson"' | base64 -d | jq .
Name of each key and email.
oc get secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --template='Template:Index .data ".dockerconfigjson"' -o json | jq -r '.data.".dockerconfigjson"' | base64 -d | jq -r '.auths | with_entries(.value = .value.email)' | sed 's/{//g;s/}//g;s/"//g' | grep -v '^$' | sed 's/ *//g' | sort
Download pull secret.
oc get secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --template='{{index .data ".dockerconfigjson" | base64decode}}' > /tmp/pull_secret.$(oc whoami --show-console=true | awk -F / '{print $3}').$(date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S')
Set pull secret.
oc set data secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=/tmp/pull_secret_<file_name>
change number of nodes
oc get machineset -n openshift-machine-api oc edit machineset -n openshift-machine-api <MachineSet>
Elasticsearch status
oc exec -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers | head -1) -- es_util --query=_cat/health?v oc exec -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers | head -1) -- es_util --query=_cluster/health?pretty
talk to elasticsearch
oc rsh elasticsearch-cdm-q8apadpa-1-65f99d99b4-8b9wg curl -s --key /etc/elasticsearch/secret/admin-key --cert /etc/elasticsearch/secret/admin-cert --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/secret/admin-ca https://localhost:9200
Oneliner
oc exec -n openshift-logging -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers -n openshift-logging | head -1) -- curl -s --key /etc/elasticsearch/secret/admin-key --cert /etc/elasticsearch/secret/admin-cert --cacert /etc/elasticsearch/secret/admin-ca https://localhost:9200
which version of elasticsearch operator is installed
oc get csv -n openshift-operators-redhat -l operators.coreos.com/elasticsearch-operator.openshift-operators-redhat="" -o=custom-columns='VERSION:.spec.version' --no-headers
list nodes
oc exec -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers | tail -1) -- es_util --query="_cat/nodes?v"
Who is master node
oc exec -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers | tail -1) -- es_util --query="_cat/master?v"
Is cluster recovering
oc exec -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers | tail -1) -- es_util --query="_cat/recovery?active_only=true"
Look at all indices
oc exec -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers | tail -1) -- es_util --query=_cat/indices?v
look at chards
oc exec -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers | head -1) -- es_util --query=_cat/shards?v
Remove all red indices.
oc exec -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers | tail -1) -- es_util --query=_cat/indices?v | grep ^red | awk '{print $3}' | while read i ; do echo '*' $i ; oc exec -c elasticsearch $(oc get pods -l component=elasticsearch -o custom-columns=:.metadata.name --no-headers | tail -1) -- es_util --query=${i} -X DELETE ; done
vsphere creds
oc get -n kube-system cm/cluster-config-v1 -o yaml
Enable openshift/okd logging
Enable redhat-operators
oc patch OperatorHub cluster --type json -p '[{"op": "add", "path": "/spec/disableAllDefaultSources", "value": false}]'
Or edit
oc edit operatorhubs
Spec:
Disable All Default Sources: true
Sources:
Disabled: false
Name: community-operators
Disabled: false
Name: redhat-operators
Create namespace
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
name: openshift-operators-redhat
annotations:
openshift.io/node-selector: ""
labels:
openshift.io/cluster-monitoring: "true"
EOF
Create namespace
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
name: openshift-logging
annotations:
openshift.io/node-selector: ""
labels:
openshift.io/cluster-monitoring: "true"
EOF
Create operatorgroup
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1
kind: OperatorGroup
metadata:
name: openshift-operators-redhat
namespace: openshift-operators-redhat
spec: {}
EOF
Subscribe to OpenShift Elasticsearch Operator
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f - apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: "elasticsearch-operator" namespace: "openshift-operators-redhat" spec: channel: "stable" installPlanApproval: "Automatic" source: "redhat-operators" sourceNamespace: "openshift-marketplace" name: "elasticsearch-operator" EOF
Install the openshift logging operator.
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f - apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: cluster-logging namespace: openshift-logging spec: targetNamespaces: - openshift-logging EOF
Create a subscription object yaml file.
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f - apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: cluster-logging namespace: openshift-logging spec: channel: "stable" name: cluster-logging source: redhat-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace EOF
Create OpenShift Logging instance.
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: "logging.openshift.io/v1"
kind: "ClusterLogging"
metadata:
name: "instance"
namespace: "openshift-logging"
spec:
managementState: "Managed"
logStore:
type: "elasticsearch"
retentionPolicy:
application:
maxAge: 1d
infra:
maxAge: 7d
audit:
maxAge: 7d
elasticsearch:
nodeCount: 3
storage:
storageClassName: "standard-csi"
size: 200G
resources:
limits:
memory: "16Gi"
requests:
memory: "16Gi"
proxy:
resources:
limits:
memory: 256Mi
requests:
memory: 256Mi
redundancyPolicy: "SingleRedundancy"
visualization:
type: "kibana"
kibana:
replicas: 1
collection:
logs:
type: "fluentd"
fluentd: {}
EOF
telemetry
Restart telemetry.
oc delete pod -n openshift-monitoring -l app.kubernetes.io/component=telemetry-metrics-collector
Update vsphere creds
oc edit cm cloud-provider-config -n openshift-config default-datastore = "cl07-2-fc-loc-001"
Manage labels.
Add a label to a node or pod:
oc label node node001.krenger.ch mylabel=myvalue oc label pod mypod-34-g0f7k mylabel=myvalue
Remove a label (in the example “mylabel”) from a node or pod:
oc label node node001.krenger.ch mylabel- oc label pod mypod-34-g0f7k mylabel-
Permanently label a node
oc edit machineset ocp-qz7hf-worker-us-west-1b -n openshift-machine-api
rollout
Restart pod in an deployment
oc rollout restart deployment -n openshift-storage csi-rbdplugin-provisioner
ssl certificates replace
How to replace api.<url> and star.apps.<url> certs.
# api. Create full chain cert. Public - intermediate - root ca.
api.<url>.crt
api.<url>.key
# create secret
oc delete secret api-cert -n openshift-config
oc create secret tls api-cert --cert=api.<url>.crt --key=api.<url>.key -n openshift-config
# patch apiserver
oc patch apiserver cluster --type=merge -p '{"spec":{"servingCerts": {"namedCertificates": [{"names": ["api.<url>"], "servingCertificate": {"name": "api-cert"}}]}}}'
...
# star.apps. Create full chain cert. Public - intermediate - root ca.
star.apps.<url>.crt
star.apps.<url>.key
# create secret
oc delete secret custom-certs-default -n openshift-ingress
oc create secret tls custom-certs-default --cert=star.apps.<url>.crt --key=star.apps.<url>.key -n openshift-ingress
# patch ingress controller
oc patch --type=merge --namespace openshift-ingress-operator ingresscontrollers/default --patch '{"spec":{"defaultCertificate":{"name":"custom-certs-default"}}}'
get cluster-id
oc get clusterversion/version -o jsonpath="{.spec.clusterID}"
api
Process running api server. They scale horizontally. They all serve requests.
openshift-kube-apiserver kube-apiserver
kube-proxy
kube-proxy is a network proxy that runs on each node in your cluster, implementing part of the Kubernetes Service concept. kube-proxy maintains network rules on nodes. These network rules allow network communication to your Pods from network sessions inside or outside of your cluster. kube-proxy uses the operating system packet filtering layer if there is one and it's available. Otherwise, kube-proxy forwards the traffic itself.
Resource Allocation
OS and Kubernetes overhead. You can see the reserved OS & Kubernetes overhead by comparing the Allocatable (what the Kubernetes Scheduler can allocate to Pods) and the Capacity.
Capacity: ->cpu: 4 ephemeral-storage: 125293548Ki hugepages-1Gi: 0 hugepages-2Mi: 0 ->memory: 16409360Ki pods: 250 Allocatable: ->cpu: 3500m ephemeral-storage: 114396791822 hugepages-1Gi: 0 hugepages-2Mi: 0 ->memory: 15258384Ki pods: 250
requests/limits
User pod allocation is calculated by looking at the “Requests” resource columns from the kubectl get nodes output. The relevant columns here are the “Requests, not Limits. Requests impact how the pod is scheduled, and what resources are allocated to it, whereas limits are used to enable pods to burst beyond their allocation.
empty space
Allocatable - Allocated resources = empty
Allocatable: cpu: 3500m ephemeral-storage: 114396791822 hugepages-1Gi: 0 hugepages-2Mi: 0 memory: 15258384Ki pods: 250 ... Allocated resources: (Total limits may be over 100 percent, i.e., overcommitted.) Resource Requests Limits -------- -------- ------ cpu 834m (23%) 0 (0%) memory 2474Mi (16%) 736Mi (4%) ephemeral-storage 0 (0%) 0 (0%) hugepages-1Gi 0 (0%) 0 (0%) hugepages-2Mi 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
status of namespace
Show an overview of the current project
oc status
age of cluster
Looking at age of machines.
oc get nodes -o json | jq -r '.items[].metadata.creationTimestamp' | sort -n | sed 's/T/ /g;s/Z//g'
oc adm inspect
oc adm inspect namespace/isilon tar cf /tmp/inspect.isilon.$(date_file ) inspect.local.*
Operations Lifecycle manager(olm)
oc logs -l app=olm-operator -n openshift-operator-lifecycle-manager --tail=-1
Reinstall operator that is no longer available with current openshift version
# Force install odf which is not possible to install because openshift has moved more than 1 version.
# Save subscription
for i in operators.coreos.com/mcg-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/ocs-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/odf-csi-addons-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/odf-operator.openshift-storage= ; do
oc get subscription -o yaml -l $i > oc_get_subscription_${i//\//_}.yaml ; done
...
# Save operators
for i in operators.coreos.com/odf-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/ocs-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/mcg-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/odf-csi-addons-operator.openshift-storage= ; do
oc get csv -l $i -o yaml > oc_get_csv_-l_${i//\//_}.yaml ; done
...
# Confirm backup files contain usable yaml. Have we forgotten any operators or csv:s. Remove resources clearly not related to odf.
...
# delete the existing ODF related subscriptions and the ClusterServiceVersions related:
for i in operators.coreos.com/mcg-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/ocs-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/odf-csi-addons-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/odf-operator.openshift-storage= ; do
oc delete subscription -o yaml -l $i > oc_get_subscription_${i//\//_}.yaml ; done
for i in operators.coreos.com/odf-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/ocs-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/mcg-operator.openshift-storage= operators.coreos.com/odf-csi-addons-operator.openshift-storage= ; do
oc delete csv -l $i -o yaml > oc_get_csv_-l_${i//\//_}.yaml ; done
...
# Make sure you wait for the CSVs to be deleted before creating a subscription again.
...
# create only the the Subscription again:
# (optional: edit the subscription before recreate, changing the channel version to the goal version)
...
# Recreate subscription
oc create -f 'oc_get_subscription_operators.coreos.com_odf-operator.openshift-storage=.yaml'
# wait watching the events:
oc get events -w
increase disk on node
VOLUME=abjorklund-01-h4sxm-worker-0-rkk87-root os volume set --size 40 $VOLUME --os-volume-api-version 3.42 dnf install cloud-utils-growpart xfsprogs ssh core@worker growpart /dev/sda 4 xfs_growfs /
clusteroperator
oc get clusteroperators oc get co
ignition
Retrieve rendered ignition data.
curl https://api-int.$(grep ^search /etc/resolv.conf | awk '{print $NF}'):22623/config/master
rockylinux container names
ubi ("Standard"): OpenSSL, microdnf, and utilities like gzip and vi
ubi-minimal ("Minimal"): Minimized binaries and minimal yum stack.
ubi-init ("Multi-service"): Less than standard but more than minimal, plus systemd.
ubi-micro ("Micro"): Most minimal image without even a package manager.
create a job/pod/script
Create config map of script
Notice that I have to escape $. Since I give date in a here document. Where $ is being expanded.
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: dns-lookup.sh
data:
dns-lookup.sh: |
#!/bin/bash
# Verify if dns resolution works and how fast.
while true ; do
for DNS in \$(awk '/^nameserver / {print \$2}' /etc/resolv.conf) 10.2.0.10 ; do
echo \$(date '+%F %H:%M:%S %Z') \$DNS \$(host -v -t A ibm.se 2>&1 | tail -3 )
done
sleep 5
done
EOF
create job
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
name: dns-lookup
spec:
template:
spec:
containers:
- name: dns-lookup
# image: rockylinux/rockylinux:9
image: halfface/rockylinux-toolbox:v2
command: ["/script/dns-lookup.sh"]
volumeMounts:
- name: script
mountPath: "/script"
# securityContext:
# runAsUser: 0
# privileged: true
volumes:
- name: script
configMap:
name: dns-lookup.sh
defaultMode: 0755
restartPolicy: Never
activeDeadlineSeconds: 1209600
EOF
deployment with command
Configmap with script. $ is escaped since feed via here document.(bash)
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: stress.sh
namespace: abjorklund
data:
stress.sh: |
#!/bin/bash
# stress pod.
while true ; do
echo \$(date '+%F %H:%M:%S %Z') \$( stress -c 1 -i 1 -m 1 --vm-bytes 512M -t 10s)
sleep 5
done
EOF
Deployment.
cat <<EOF | oc apply -f -
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: stress
namespace: abjorklund
labels:
app: stress
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: stress
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: stress
spec:
containers:
- name: stress
image: halfface/rockylinux-toolbox:v3
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /mnt/bin/
name: stress
# securityContext:
# privileged: true
command: ["/mnt/bin/stress.sh"]
volumes:
- name: stress
configMap:
name: stress.sh
defaultMode: 0755
EOF
terminal fix
No line wraps
tput rmam